rtio.h

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/*
 * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2022 Intel Corporation
 * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright (c) 2026 Infineon Technologies AG,
 * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: or an affiliate of Infineon Technologies AG. All rights reserved.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 */

 
#ifndef ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_RTIO_RTIO_H_
#define ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_RTIO_RTIO_H_
 
#include <string.h>
 
#include <zephyr/app_memory/app_memdomain.h>
#include <zephyr/device.h>
#include <zephyr/kernel.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/__assert.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/atomic.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/mem_blocks.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/util.h>
#include <zephyr/sys/iterable_sections.h>
#include <zephyr/rtio/sqe.h>
#include <zephyr/rtio/cqe.h>
#include <zephyr/rtio/iodev.h>
 
#ifdef __cplusplus
extern "C" {
#endif
 

 
struct rtio;

typedef void (*rtio_cqe_callback_t)(struct rtio *r, void *user_data);

struct rtio {
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM
        /* A wait semaphore which may suspend the calling thread
         * to wait for some number of completions when calling submit
         */
        struct k_sem *submit_sem;
 
        uint32_t submit_count;
#endif
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
        /* A wait semaphore which may suspend the calling thread
         * to wait for some number of completions while consuming
         * them from the completion queue
         */
        struct k_sem *consume_sem;
#endif

        atomic_t cq_count;

        atomic_t xcqcnt;

        struct rtio_sqe_pool *sqe_pool;

        struct rtio_cqe_pool *cqe_pool;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        /* Mem block pool */
        struct sys_mem_blocks *block_pool;
#endif

        struct mpsc sq;

        struct mpsc cq;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CQE_CALLBACK
        /* Completion queue event callback */
        rtio_cqe_callback_t cqe_cb;
 
        /* Completion queue event callback user data */
        void *cqe_cb_user_data;
#endif
};
 
/* @cond ignore */
#define Z_RTIO_DEFINE(name, _sqe_pool, _cqe_pool, _block_pool)                                     \
        IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM,                                                         \
                   (static K_SEM_DEFINE(CONCAT(_submit_sem_, name), 0, K_SEM_MAX_LIMIT)))          \
        IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM,                                                        \
                   (static K_SEM_DEFINE(CONCAT(_consume_sem_, name), 0, K_SEM_MAX_LIMIT)))         \
        STRUCT_SECTION_ITERABLE(rtio, name) = {                                                    \
                IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM, (.submit_sem = &CONCAT(_submit_sem_, name),))   \
                IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM, (.submit_count = 0,))                           \
                IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM, (.consume_sem = &CONCAT(_consume_sem_, name),))\
                .cq_count = ATOMIC_INIT(0),                                                        \
                .xcqcnt = ATOMIC_INIT(0),                                                          \
                .sqe_pool = _sqe_pool,                                                             \
                .cqe_pool = _cqe_pool,                                                             \
                IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS, (.block_pool = _block_pool,))               \
                .sq = MPSC_INIT((name.sq)),                                                        \
                .cq = MPSC_INIT((name.cq)),                                                        \
                IF_ENABLED(CONFIG_RTIO_CQE_CALLBACK, (.cqe_cb = NULL, .cqe_cb_user_data = NULL,))  \
        }
/* @endcond */

#define RTIO_DEFINE(name, sq_sz, cq_sz)                                         \
        Z_RTIO_SQE_POOL_DEFINE(CONCAT(name, _sqe_pool), sq_sz);                 \
        Z_RTIO_CQE_POOL_DEFINE(CONCAT(name, _cqe_pool), cq_sz);                 \
        Z_RTIO_DEFINE(name, &CONCAT(name, _sqe_pool),                           \
                      &CONCAT(name, _cqe_pool), NULL)
 

static inline size_t rtio_mempool_block_size(const struct rtio *r)
{
#ifndef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        return 0;
#else
        if (r == NULL || r->block_pool == NULL) {
                return 0;
        }
        return BIT(r->block_pool->info.blk_sz_shift);
#endif
}

#if defined(CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS) || defined(__DOXYGEN__)
static inline uint16_t __rtio_compute_mempool_block_index(const struct rtio *r, const void *ptr)
{
        uintptr_t addr = (uintptr_t)ptr;
        struct sys_mem_blocks *mem_pool = r->block_pool;
        uint32_t block_size = rtio_mempool_block_size(r);
 
        uintptr_t buff = (uintptr_t)mem_pool->buffer;
        uint32_t buff_size = mem_pool->info.num_blocks * block_size;
 
        if (addr < buff || addr >= buff + buff_size) {
                return UINT16_MAX;
        }
        return (addr - buff) / block_size;
}
#endif

 
static inline int rtio_block_pool_alloc(struct rtio *r, size_t min_sz,
                                          size_t max_sz, uint8_t **buf, uint32_t *buf_len)
{
#ifndef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        ARG_UNUSED(min_sz);
        ARG_UNUSED(max_sz);
        ARG_UNUSED(buf);
        ARG_UNUSED(buf_len);
        return -ENOTSUP;
#else
        const uint32_t block_size = rtio_mempool_block_size(r);
        uint32_t bytes = max_sz;
 
        /* Not every context has a block pool and the block size may return 0 in
         * that case
         */
        if (block_size == 0) {
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
 
        do {
                size_t num_blks = DIV_ROUND_UP(bytes, block_size);
                int rc = sys_mem_blocks_alloc_contiguous(r->block_pool, num_blks, (void **)buf);
 
                if (rc == 0) {
                        *buf_len = num_blks * block_size;
                        return 0;
                }
 
                if (bytes <= block_size) {
                        break;
                }
 
                bytes -= block_size;
        } while (bytes >= min_sz);
 
        return -ENOMEM;
#endif
}
 
static inline void rtio_block_pool_free(struct rtio *r, void *buf, uint32_t buf_len)
{
#ifndef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        ARG_UNUSED(buf);
        ARG_UNUSED(buf_len);
#else
        size_t num_blks = buf_len >> r->block_pool->info.blk_sz_shift;
 
        sys_mem_blocks_free_contiguous(r->block_pool, buf, num_blks);
#endif
}

 

extern struct k_mem_partition rtio_partition;
 
 
/* Do not try and reformat the macros */

#if CONFIG_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_PLACEMENT_DTCM
#define RTIO_BMEM Z_GENERIC_SECTION(".dtcm_bss") static
#elif defined(CONFIG_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_PLACEMENT_NOCACHE)
#define RTIO_BMEM __nocache static
#else
#define RTIO_BMEM COND_CODE_1(CONFIG_USERSPACE, (K_APP_BMEM(rtio_partition) static), (static))
#endif

#if CONFIG_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_PLACEMENT_DTCM
#define RTIO_DMEM Z_GENERIC_SECTION(".dtcm_data") static
#elif defined(CONFIG_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_PLACEMENT_NOCACHE)
#define RTIO_DMEM __nocache_load static
#else
#define RTIO_DMEM COND_CODE_1(CONFIG_USERSPACE, (K_APP_DMEM(rtio_partition) static), (static))
#endif
 
/* clang-format off */
/* @cond ignore */
#define Z_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_DEFINE(name, blk_sz, blk_cnt, blk_align)                                 \
        RTIO_BMEM uint8_t __aligned(WB_UP(blk_align))                                              \
        CONCAT(_block_pool_, name)[(blk_cnt) * WB_UP(blk_sz)];                                     \
        _SYS_MEM_BLOCKS_DEFINE_WITH_EXT_BUF(name, WB_UP(blk_sz), (blk_cnt),                        \
                                            CONCAT(_block_pool_, name), RTIO_DMEM)
 
/* @endcond */
 
 
/* clang-format on */

#define RTIO_DEFINE_WITH_MEMPOOL(name, sq_sz, cq_sz, num_blks, blk_size, balign) \
        Z_RTIO_SQE_POOL_DEFINE(name##_sqe_pool, sq_sz);         \
        Z_RTIO_CQE_POOL_DEFINE(name##_cqe_pool, cq_sz);                 \
        Z_RTIO_BLOCK_POOL_DEFINE(name##_block_pool, blk_size, num_blks, balign); \
        Z_RTIO_DEFINE(name, &name##_sqe_pool, &name##_cqe_pool, &name##_block_pool)
 
/* clang-format on */

static inline uint32_t rtio_sqe_acquirable(struct rtio *r)
{
        return r->sqe_pool->pool_free;
}

static inline struct rtio_sqe *rtio_sqe_acquire(struct rtio *r)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, sqe_acquire, r);
        struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe = rtio_sqe_pool_alloc(r->sqe_pool);
 
        if (iodev_sqe == NULL) {
                SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, sqe_acquire, r, NULL);
                return NULL;
        }
 
        mpsc_push(&r->sq, &iodev_sqe->q);
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, sqe_acquire, r, &iodev_sqe->sqe);
        return &iodev_sqe->sqe;
}

static inline int rtio_sqe_acquire_array(struct rtio *r, size_t n, struct rtio_sqe **sqes)
{
        struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe;
        size_t i;
 
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                iodev_sqe = rtio_sqe_pool_alloc(r->sqe_pool);
                if (iodev_sqe == NULL) {
                        break;
                }
                sqes[i] = &iodev_sqe->sqe;
        }
 
        /* Not enough SQEs in the pool */
        if (i < n) {
                while (i > 0) {
                        i--;
                        iodev_sqe = CONTAINER_OF(sqes[i], struct rtio_iodev_sqe, sqe);
                        rtio_sqe_pool_free(r->sqe_pool, iodev_sqe);
                        sqes[i] = NULL;
                }
 
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
 
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                iodev_sqe = CONTAINER_OF(sqes[i], struct rtio_iodev_sqe, sqe);
                mpsc_push(&r->sq, &iodev_sqe->q);
        }
 
        return 0;
}

static inline void rtio_sqe_drop_all(struct rtio *r)
{
        struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe;
        struct mpsc_node *node = mpsc_pop(&r->sq);
 
        while (node != NULL) {
                iodev_sqe = CONTAINER_OF(node, struct rtio_iodev_sqe, q);
                rtio_sqe_pool_free(r->sqe_pool, iodev_sqe);
                node = mpsc_pop(&r->sq);
        }
}

static inline struct rtio_cqe *rtio_cqe_acquire(struct rtio *r)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, cqe_acquire, r);
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe = rtio_cqe_pool_alloc(r->cqe_pool);
 
        if (cqe == NULL) {
                SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_acquire, r, NULL);
                return NULL;
        }
 
        memset(cqe, 0, sizeof(struct rtio_cqe));
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_acquire, r, cqe);
        return cqe;
}

static inline int rtio_set_cqe_callback(struct rtio *r,
                                        rtio_cqe_callback_t callback,
                                        void *user_data)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CQE_CALLBACK
        r->cqe_cb = callback;
        r->cqe_cb_user_data = user_data;
 
        return 0;
#else
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        ARG_UNUSED(callback);
        ARG_UNUSED(user_data);
 
        return -ENOTSUP;
#endif
}

static inline void rtio_cqe_produce(struct rtio *r, struct rtio_cqe *cqe)
{
        mpsc_push(&r->cq, &cqe->q);
}

static inline struct rtio_cqe *rtio_cqe_consume(struct rtio *r)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, cqe_consume, r);
        struct mpsc_node *node;
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe = NULL;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
        if (k_sem_take(r->consume_sem, K_NO_WAIT) != 0) {
                SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_consume, r, NULL);
                return NULL;
        }
#endif
 
        node = mpsc_pop(&r->cq);
        if (node == NULL) {
                SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_consume, r, NULL);
                return NULL;
        }
        cqe = CONTAINER_OF(node, struct rtio_cqe, q);
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_consume, r, cqe);
        return cqe;
}

static inline struct rtio_cqe *rtio_cqe_consume_block(struct rtio *r)
{
        struct mpsc_node *node;
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
        k_sem_take(r->consume_sem, K_FOREVER);
#endif
        node = mpsc_pop(&r->cq);
        while (node == NULL) {
                Z_SPIN_DELAY(1);
                node = mpsc_pop(&r->cq);
        }
        cqe = CONTAINER_OF(node, struct rtio_cqe, q);
 
        return cqe;
}

static inline void rtio_cqe_release(struct rtio *r, struct rtio_cqe *cqe)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC(rtio, cqe_release, r, cqe);
        rtio_cqe_pool_free(r->cqe_pool, cqe);
}

static inline int rtio_flush_completion_queue(struct rtio *r)
{
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe;
        int res = 0;
 
        do {
                cqe = rtio_cqe_consume(r);
                if (cqe != NULL) {
                        if ((cqe->result < 0) && (res == 0)) {
                                res = cqe->result;
                        }
                        rtio_cqe_release(r, cqe);
                }
        } while (cqe != NULL);
 
        return res;
}

__syscall void rtio_sqe_signal(struct rtio_sqe *sqe);
 
static inline void z_impl_rtio_sqe_signal(struct rtio_sqe *sqe)
{
        struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe = CONTAINER_OF(sqe, struct rtio_iodev_sqe, sqe);
 
        if (!atomic_cas(&iodev_sqe->sqe.await.ok, 0, 1)) {
                iodev_sqe->sqe.await.callback(iodev_sqe, iodev_sqe->sqe.await.userdata);
        }
}

static inline uint32_t rtio_cqe_compute_flags(struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe)
{
        uint32_t flags = 0;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        if (iodev_sqe->sqe.op == RTIO_OP_RX && iodev_sqe->sqe.flags & RTIO_SQE_MEMPOOL_BUFFER) {
                struct rtio *r = iodev_sqe->r;
                struct sys_mem_blocks *mem_pool = r->block_pool;
                unsigned int blk_index = 0;
                unsigned int blk_count = 0;
 
                if (iodev_sqe->sqe.rx.buf) {
                        blk_index = (iodev_sqe->sqe.rx.buf - mem_pool->buffer) >>
                                    mem_pool->info.blk_sz_shift;
                        blk_count = iodev_sqe->sqe.rx.buf_len >> mem_pool->info.blk_sz_shift;
                }
                flags = RTIO_CQE_FLAG_PREP_MEMPOOL(blk_index, blk_count);
        }
#else
        ARG_UNUSED(iodev_sqe);
#endif
 
        return flags;
}

__syscall int rtio_cqe_get_mempool_buffer(const struct rtio *r, struct rtio_cqe *cqe,
                                          uint8_t **buff, uint32_t *buff_len);
 
static inline int z_impl_rtio_cqe_get_mempool_buffer(const struct rtio *r, struct rtio_cqe *cqe,
                                                     uint8_t **buff, uint32_t *buff_len)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        if (RTIO_CQE_FLAG_GET(cqe->flags) == RTIO_CQE_FLAG_MEMPOOL_BUFFER) {
                unsigned int blk_idx = RTIO_CQE_FLAG_MEMPOOL_GET_BLK_IDX(cqe->flags);
                unsigned int blk_count = RTIO_CQE_FLAG_MEMPOOL_GET_BLK_CNT(cqe->flags);
                uint32_t blk_size = rtio_mempool_block_size(r);
 
                *buff_len = blk_count * blk_size;
 
                if (blk_count > 0) {
                        *buff = r->block_pool->buffer + blk_idx * blk_size;
 
                        __ASSERT_NO_MSG(*buff >= r->block_pool->buffer);
                        __ASSERT_NO_MSG(*buff <
                                r->block_pool->buffer + blk_size * r->block_pool->info.num_blocks);
                } else {
                        *buff = NULL;
                }
                return 0;
        }
        return -EINVAL;
#else
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        ARG_UNUSED(cqe);
        ARG_UNUSED(buff);
        ARG_UNUSED(buff_len);
 
        return -ENOTSUP;
#endif
}

 
void rtio_executor_submit(struct rtio *r);
void rtio_executor_ok(struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe, int result);
void rtio_executor_err(struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe, int result);


static inline void rtio_iodev_sqe_ok(struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe, int result)
{
        rtio_executor_ok(iodev_sqe, result);
}

static inline void rtio_iodev_sqe_err(struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe, int result)
{
        rtio_executor_err(iodev_sqe, result);
}

static inline void rtio_cqe_submit(struct rtio *r, int result, void *userdata, uint32_t flags)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, cqe_submit, r, result, flags);
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe = rtio_cqe_acquire(r);
 
        if (cqe == NULL) {
                atomic_inc(&r->xcqcnt);
        } else {
                cqe->result = result;
                cqe->userdata = userdata;
                cqe->flags = flags;
                rtio_cqe_produce(r, cqe);
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
                k_sem_give(r->consume_sem);
#endif
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CQE_CALLBACK
                if (r->cqe_cb != NULL) {
                        r->cqe_cb(r, r->cqe_cb_user_data);
                }
#endif
        }
 
        /* atomic_t isn't guaranteed to wrap correctly as it could be signed, so
         * we must resort to a cas loop.
         */
        atomic_t val, new_val;
 
        do {
                val = atomic_get(&r->cq_count);
                new_val = (atomic_t)((uintptr_t)val + 1);
        } while (!atomic_cas(&r->cq_count, val, new_val));
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM
        if (r->submit_count > 0) {
                r->submit_count--;
                if (r->submit_count == 0) {
                        k_sem_give(r->submit_sem);
                }
        }
#endif
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, cqe_submit, r);
}
 
#define __RTIO_MEMPOOL_GET_NUM_BLKS(num_bytes, blk_size) (((num_bytes) + (blk_size)-1) / (blk_size))

static inline int rtio_sqe_rx_buf(const struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe, uint32_t min_buf_len,
                                  uint32_t max_buf_len, uint8_t **buf, uint32_t *buf_len)
{
        struct rtio_sqe *sqe = (struct rtio_sqe *)&iodev_sqe->sqe;
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        if (sqe->op == RTIO_OP_RX && sqe->flags & RTIO_SQE_MEMPOOL_BUFFER) {
                struct rtio *r = iodev_sqe->r;
 
                if (sqe->rx.buf != NULL) {
                        if (sqe->rx.buf_len < min_buf_len) {
                                return -ENOMEM;
                        }
                        *buf = sqe->rx.buf;
                        *buf_len = sqe->rx.buf_len;
                        return 0;
                }
 
                int rc = rtio_block_pool_alloc(r, min_buf_len, max_buf_len, buf, buf_len);
                if (rc == 0) {
                        sqe->rx.buf = *buf;
                        sqe->rx.buf_len = *buf_len;
                        return 0;
                }
 
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
#else
        ARG_UNUSED(max_buf_len);
#endif
 
        if (sqe->rx.buf_len < min_buf_len) {
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
 
        *buf = sqe->rx.buf;
        *buf_len = sqe->rx.buf_len;
        return 0;
}

__syscall void rtio_release_buffer(struct rtio *r, void *buff, uint32_t buff_len);
 
static inline void z_impl_rtio_release_buffer(struct rtio *r, void *buff, uint32_t buff_len)
{
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SYS_MEM_BLOCKS
        if (r == NULL || buff == NULL || r->block_pool == NULL || buff_len == 0) {
                return;
        }
 
        rtio_block_pool_free(r, buff, buff_len);
#else
        ARG_UNUSED(r);
        ARG_UNUSED(buff);
        ARG_UNUSED(buff_len);
#endif
}

static inline void rtio_access_grant(struct rtio *r, struct k_thread *t)
{
        k_object_access_grant(r, t);
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM
        k_object_access_grant(r->submit_sem, t);
#endif
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
        k_object_access_grant(r->consume_sem, t);
#endif
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_OP_DELAY
        /* Delay submissions are dispatched to the shared timeout iodev, so a thread
         * allowed to use this context must also be able to reference it.
         */
        k_object_access_grant(&rtio_timeout_iodev, t);
#endif
}
 

static inline void rtio_access_revoke(struct rtio *r, struct k_thread *t)
{
        k_object_access_revoke(r, t);
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM
        k_object_access_revoke(r->submit_sem, t);
#endif
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_CONSUME_SEM
        k_object_access_revoke(r->consume_sem, t);
#endif
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_OP_DELAY
        k_object_access_revoke(&rtio_timeout_iodev, t);
#endif
}

__syscall int rtio_sqe_cancel(struct rtio_sqe *sqe);
 
static inline int z_impl_rtio_sqe_cancel(struct rtio_sqe *sqe)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC(rtio, sqe_cancel, sqe);
        struct rtio_iodev_sqe *iodev_sqe = CONTAINER_OF(sqe, struct rtio_iodev_sqe, sqe);
 
        do {
                iodev_sqe->sqe.flags |= RTIO_SQE_CANCELED;
                iodev_sqe = rtio_iodev_sqe_next(iodev_sqe);
        } while (iodev_sqe != NULL);
 
        return 0;
}

__syscall int rtio_sqe_copy_in_get_handles(struct rtio *r, const struct rtio_sqe *sqes,
                                           struct rtio_sqe **handle, size_t sqe_count);
 
static inline int z_impl_rtio_sqe_copy_in_get_handles(struct rtio *r, const struct rtio_sqe *sqes,
                                                      struct rtio_sqe **handle,
                                                      size_t sqe_count)
{
        struct rtio_sqe *sqe;
        uint32_t acquirable = rtio_sqe_acquirable(r);
 
        if (acquirable < sqe_count) {
                return -ENOMEM;
        }
 
        for (unsigned long i = 0; i < sqe_count; i++) {
                sqe = rtio_sqe_acquire(r);
                __ASSERT_NO_MSG(sqe != NULL);
                if (handle != NULL && i == 0) {
                        *handle = sqe;
                }
                *sqe = sqes[i];
        }
 
        return 0;
}

static inline int rtio_sqe_copy_in(struct rtio *r, const struct rtio_sqe *sqes, size_t sqe_count)
{
        return rtio_sqe_copy_in_get_handles(r, sqes, NULL, sqe_count);
}

__syscall int rtio_cqe_copy_out(struct rtio *r,
                                struct rtio_cqe *cqes,
                                size_t cqe_count,
                                k_timeout_t timeout);
static inline int z_impl_rtio_cqe_copy_out(struct rtio *r,
                                           struct rtio_cqe *cqes,
                                           size_t cqe_count,
                                           k_timeout_t timeout)
{
        size_t copied = 0;
        struct rtio_cqe *cqe;
        k_timepoint_t end = sys_timepoint_calc(timeout);
 
        do {
                cqe = K_TIMEOUT_EQ(timeout, K_FOREVER) ? rtio_cqe_consume_block(r)
                                                       : rtio_cqe_consume(r);
                if (cqe == NULL) {
                        Z_SPIN_DELAY(25);
                        continue;
                }
                cqes[copied++] = *cqe;
                rtio_cqe_release(r, cqe);
        } while (copied < cqe_count && !sys_timepoint_expired(end));
 
        return copied;
}

__syscall int rtio_submit(struct rtio *r, uint32_t wait_count);
 
#ifdef CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM
static inline int z_impl_rtio_submit(struct rtio *r, uint32_t wait_count)
{
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, submit, r, wait_count);
        int res = 0;
 
        if (wait_count > 0) {
                __ASSERT(!k_is_in_isr(),
                         "expected rtio submit with wait count to be called from a thread");
 
                k_sem_reset(r->submit_sem);
                r->submit_count = wait_count;
        }
 
        rtio_executor_submit(r);
 
        if (wait_count > 0) {
                res = k_sem_take(r->submit_sem, K_FOREVER);
                __ASSERT(res == 0,
                         "semaphore was reset or timed out while waiting on completions!");
        }
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, submit, r);
        return res;
}
#else
static inline int z_impl_rtio_submit(struct rtio *r, uint32_t wait_count)
{
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_ENTER(rtio, submit, r, wait_count);
        int res = 0;
        uintptr_t cq_count = (uintptr_t)atomic_get(&r->cq_count);
        uintptr_t cq_complete_count = cq_count + wait_count;
        bool wraps = cq_complete_count < cq_count;
 
        rtio_executor_submit(r);
 
        if (wraps) {
                while ((uintptr_t)atomic_get(&r->cq_count) >= cq_count) {
                        Z_SPIN_DELAY(10);
                        k_yield();
                }
        }
 
        while ((uintptr_t)atomic_get(&r->cq_count) < cq_complete_count) {
                Z_SPIN_DELAY(10);
                k_yield();
        }
 
        SYS_PORT_TRACING_FUNC_EXIT(rtio, submit, r);
        return res;
}
#endif /* CONFIG_RTIO_SUBMIT_SEM */

struct rtio_pool {
        size_t pool_size;

        struct rtio **contexts;

        atomic_t *used;
};

__syscall struct rtio *rtio_pool_acquire(struct rtio_pool *pool);
 
static inline struct rtio *z_impl_rtio_pool_acquire(struct rtio_pool *pool)
{
        struct rtio *r = NULL;
 
        for (size_t i = 0; i < pool->pool_size; i++) {
                if (atomic_test_and_set_bit(pool->used, i) == 0) {
                        r = pool->contexts[i];
                        break;
                }
        }
 
        if (r != NULL) {
                rtio_access_grant(r, k_current_get());
        }
 
        return r;
}

__syscall void rtio_pool_release(struct rtio_pool *pool, struct rtio *r);
 
static inline void z_impl_rtio_pool_release(struct rtio_pool *pool, struct rtio *r)
{
 
        if (k_is_user_context()) {
                rtio_access_revoke(r, k_current_get());
        }
 
        for (size_t i = 0; i < pool->pool_size; i++) {
                if (pool->contexts[i] == r) {
                        atomic_clear_bit(pool->used, i);
                        break;
                }
        }
}
 
/* clang-format off */

 
#define Z_RTIO_POOL_NAME_N(n, name)                                             \
        name##_##n
 
#define Z_RTIO_POOL_DEFINE_N(n, name, sq_sz, cq_sz)                             \
        RTIO_DEFINE(Z_RTIO_POOL_NAME_N(n, name), sq_sz, cq_sz)
 
#define Z_RTIO_POOL_REF_N(n, name)                                              \
        &Z_RTIO_POOL_NAME_N(n, name)


#define RTIO_POOL_DEFINE(name, pool_sz, sq_sz, cq_sz)                           \
        LISTIFY(pool_sz, Z_RTIO_POOL_DEFINE_N, (;), name, sq_sz, cq_sz);        \
        static struct rtio *name##_contexts[] = {                               \
                LISTIFY(pool_sz, Z_RTIO_POOL_REF_N, (,), name)                  \
        };                                                                      \
        ATOMIC_DEFINE(name##_used, pool_sz);                                    \
        STRUCT_SECTION_ITERABLE(rtio_pool, name) = {                            \
                .pool_size = pool_sz,                                           \
                .contexts = name##_contexts,                                    \
                .used = name##_used,                                            \
        }
 
/* clang-format on */

 
#ifdef __cplusplus
}
#endif
 
#include <zephyr/syscalls/rtio.h>
 
#endif /* ZEPHYR_INCLUDE_RTIO_RTIO_H_ */